give the impression of activity or price movement in a security.
MARKING THE CLOSE – buying and selling securities at the close of the market in an effort to
alter the closing price of the security.
IMPROPER MATCHED ORDERS – engaging in transaction where both the buy and sell orders are
entered at the same time with the same price and quantity by different but colluding parties.
HYPE AND DUMP – engaging in buying activity at increasingly higher prices and then selling securities
in the market at the higher prices.
WASH SALES – engaging in transactions in which there is no genuine change in actual ownership of a
security.
SQUEEZING THE FLOAT – taking advantage of a shortage of securities in the market by controlling the
demand side and exploiting market congestion during such shortages in a way as to create artificial prices.