I don't know the Dutch laws, but I believe they are similar in North half of Europe. If so:
/No difference if the parents were married or not.
/The national government have organisation, which FORCE fathers to pay child support (if they earn enough or have asserts enough) but if the father don't do it volontaringly, then court in father's country need to decide if they find him being the father and decide how much he need to pay.
/Unpaid part from before the court decision can sometimes be decided to be a dept, which the father can be judget to pay back (direct or bit by bit) if he has/get enough to do it after the messure in his home country. (=Nothing is taken from him, if he don't have over a minimum, which is much after Filipino messure.)
/In some countries, if the father can't pay, then the GOVERNMENT pay some to the child, and the father get a dept to the government. I don't know if it's like this too if the child don't live in THAT country.
Is the father old? In some countries children get percentage PART of his retirement pay if he dies before the child become (19) years old.
Have you asked the Netherland Embassy for information?